Improvement in food resources
1) The bulk organic matter present in manure improves soil structure.
2) In composting, the biological waste material is decomposed in pits. Composting done using earthworms is called vermi-composting.
3) In green manuring, green crops are grown, mulched by ploughing and mixed with soil to improve soil structure and fertility.
4) The commercially produced fertilizers provide macronutrients like N, K and P and ensure healthy growth of plants.
5) Excessive use of fertilizers causes water pollution and loss of soil fertility.
6) Best crop yields is obtained by a balance between the use of fertilizers and manures.
7) In organic farming, use of chemicals is discouraged whereas use of organic manures, bio-agents and healthy cropping systems is encouraged.
8) Irrigation is essential to ensure agricultural success in India since our agriculture is mainly rain-fed.
9) Wells, canals, rivers and tanks are some important irrigation systems in our country.
10) The source of wells is underground water whereas canals get water from rivers or reservoirs. River lift systems draw water directly from rivers.
11) Rainwater harvesting and watershed management increases storage of rain water for later use in agriculture.
12) Risk of crop failure is reduced in mixed cropping wherein two or more crops are grown together on the same field.
13) Two or more crops with different nutritional requirements are grown on the same farm in inter-cropping so as to utilize maximum nutrients and prevent spread of diseases and pests.
14) In crop rotation, different crop combinations are grown on the same field in a pre-planned succession so as to get maximum returns.
15) Weeds, pests and diseases can destroy large amounts of crop plants.
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